Simultaneous 5 Axis machining is a remarkable multi-dimensional performance machine. It can maneuver the cutting tool on the X, Y and Z axes while rotating the A, B and C axes to keep continual contact between the tool and part. 

Unlike 3-axis machines, which can maneuver the cutting right to left, forward and backward, and up and down, 5-axis machines are equipped with two extra rotary axes which are classified as A-axis and B-axis. When machining, A rotates around the X-axis, B rotates around the Y-axis and C rotates around the Z-axis. Depending on the type of machine, users can combine additional axes that could come in several variations, for example, AB, AC, BC. Let’s take a look at the advantages of simultaneous 5-axis machines and how such technology can be beneficial. 

Time-saving 

The myth that 5-axis machining is only best for complex parts that require specialized machining is for those who have not investigated the benefits. While the incorporation of additional axes is excellent, it is not the only benefit that 5-axis machines provide for its user. More than 60 percent of parts created in machine shops call for machining on 5 sides. While 3-axis machining can do the job, 5-axis machining is much more efficient because the cutting tool will stay tangential to the surface the user is cutting. More material is taken off with each pass of the cutting tool and the demand for fewer set-ups results in saved cost and saved time.

Enhanced Surface Finish

Because 5-axis machining allows the orientation of parts to be closer to the cutting tool contoured geometry has an improved surface finish. Axis 4 and 5 allow the use of a short cutting tool, resulting in a better surface finish due to lower vibration. The benefit of a better finish due to the additional axes ties back into cost savings and efficiency. Longer lead times are inevitable when machining with 3-axis machines, as they demand much smaller cuts to produce the same surface finish that can be achieved on a 5-axis machine. 

Cutting Complex Parts

Even the most experienced CNC machinist may have to turn to a 5-axis machine for special parts. The reality is that some parts demand all 5 axes and this is the commonly known benefit of 5-axis machines. Undercutting is much simpler as the additional axes allow for machining arcs and angles that before could only be achieved with additional set-ups and special fixtures. 

Competitive 

This advantage is short and quite straightforward but deserves to be mentioned.  Not every machine shop has 5-axis machines, so shops that implement 5-axis machines have a better opportunity to acquire more business from engineers and inventors who have intricate designs, as well as clients in need of quick lead times. 

Improved Precision and Tool Life

Accuracy is greatly enhanced with 5-axis machining by requiring fewer set-ups. There is a learning curve for programming, but once mastered the chances of human error are significantly reduced with less set-up time for multiple runs of the same part. Some production runs require only a single set-up. Shorter cutting tools amount to longer tool life also. 5-axis machines allow the machine head to be closer to the surface of the cutter. This permits the utilization of a higher cutting speed, which in turn leads to longer tool life due to reduced vibration. 

Reserve Cash-Flow 

One of the most important factors of any business is its bottom line. Through 5-axis machining, shop owners can save a great deal of money. It would be unrealistic to put an exact monetary value on all the factors that contribute to saving money, however, an experienced machinist or operator will be able to identify the advantage, immediately. In short, by users saving time, 5-axis machines allow for cost savings. Improved tool life means fewer tools are required, and improved precision results in a lower risk of costly mistakes. 

To conclude, while 5-axis machines are certainly an investment, the overall benefits associated with their capabilities outweigh the cost. Simultaneous 5-axis machining starts to pay for itself immediately by moving the shop into a new business growth trajectory. 

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